This case established the Supreme Court's power of Judicial Review.

• A. Equal Protection Clause
• B. Marbury v. Madison
• C. Prosecute
• D. Literacy test

Answer: (B)

Judicial review is the power of the Supreme Court to strike down laws or actions that violate the Constitution. The case that established this power is Marbury v. Madison. In 1803, the Court declared that it has the authority to review acts of Congress and declare them unconstitutional, creating the principle that the judiciary can check the other branches. This decision arose when William Marbury sought a court order to force the new administration to appoint him, and the Court used the opportunity to assert its role in interpreting the Constitution. By invalidating the part of the Judiciary Act of 1789 that extended the Court’s reach, the Court established that constitutional interpretation stands as a check on legislative power. The other topics listed aren’t about establishing this power: the Equal Protection Clause protects equal rights under the law, prosecuting is an action, and literacy tests pertain to voting—none of which define the Supreme Court’s authority to review constitutional validity.